FUTURE CHANGES IN PRECIPITATION: IMPACTS ON IRRIGATION BENEFITS FOR CROP PRODUCTION IN RWANDA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65009/fh1xz895Keywords:
Climate change, irrigation adaptation, precipitation variability, crop production, Rwanda, water productivity, food security.,,Abstract
Climate change significantly challenges agricultural output in Rwanda, particularly due to
changing precipitation patterns that impact water resources for cultivation. This study explores
the varying future precipitation conditions and their effects on the effectiveness and advantages
of irrigation adaptation strategies for crop production in Rwanda. By analyzing existing
irrigation infrastructure, government policies, and climate forecasts, the findings indicate that
expanding irrigation is vital for enhancing climate resilience; however, the benefits are closely
linked to specific precipitation scenarios. Presently, Rwanda has developed merely 15%
(75,223 hectares) of its potential 493,050 hectares for irrigation, with substantial investments
aimed at increasing this coverage to 27% by 2029. Utilizing a range of performance metrics—
such as water and land productivity and financial viability—this research assesses irrigation
schemes' effectiveness. The results suggest that future precipitation scenarios marked by
greater variability and extended dry periods may hinder irrigation's advantages due to
infrastructure limitations, maintenance issues, and water availability constraints. This study
informs agricultural policy by pinpointing the optimal irrigation strategies suitable for various
agro-ecological zones and precipitation conditions.
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